12th October, on this day
539 BC The army of Cyrus
the Great of Persia takes Babylon.
638 Honorius
I ends his reign as Catholic Pope
642 John IV ends his reign as Catholic Pope
1216
King John of England loses his crown jewels in The Wash, probably near Fosdyke,
perhaps near Sutton Bridge
1279 Nichiren, a Japanese
Buddhist monk founder of Nichiren
Buddhism, inscribes the Dai-Gohonzon
1285 180 Jews refuse baptism in Munich, Germany, they are set on fire
1398 The Treaty
of Salynas is signed between Grand Duke of Lithuania Vytautas
the Great and the
Teutonic Knights, who received Samogitia.
1492 Explorer Christopher
Columbus sights his first land after sailing west across more than 3,000
miles of the Atlantic Ocean. This 'New World' he calls San Salvador
1582 The implementation of the Gregorian calendar means this day does not exist
in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
1609 In London, the publication of the first recorded secular (non-religious)
song 'Three
Blind Mice'
1654 The Delft
Explosion devastates the city in the Netherlands, killing more than 100.
1692 The Salem
Witch Trials were ended by a letter from Massachusetts Governor
William Phips.
1773 America's first insane asylum opens for 'Persons of Insane and Disordered
Minds' in Virginia
1776 British Brigade begins guarding Throgg Necks Road in the Bronx
1792 First celebration of Columbus
Day in the USA held in New York
1793 The cornerstone of Old East, the oldest state university building in the
United States, is laid on the campus of the University of North Carolina
1810 First Oktoberfest:
The Bavarian royalty invites the citizens of Munich to join the celebration
of the marriage of Crown
Prince Ludwig of Bavaria to Princess Therese von Sachsen-Hildburghausen.
1822 In South America, Dom
Pedro is proclaimed Emperor of Brazil as the country formerly becomes independent
of Portugal
1822 2nd eruption of Galunggung (Java) destroys summit of mountain
1823 Charles
Macintosh of Scotland begins selling raincoats (Macs)
1849 Charles Rowley patents the 'safety pin'
1853 John
Morrissey wins boxing title, when Yankee Sullivan leaves ring after 36th
round to slug Morrissey's fans
1860 British and French troops capture Peking
1861 Confederate ironclad Manassas attacks Union's Richmond on Mississippi
1862 JEB Stuart completes his "2nd ride around McClellan"
1862 Maj Gen Earl Van Dorn assumes command of Conferate troops in Missisippi
1866 The signing of the Treaty
of Vienna ends the war between Austria and Italy
1886 Hurricane and sea surge kills 250 at Indianola, Texas
1899 Boer republic of South Africa declares war with England.
1901 US President Theodore Roosevelt renames the Executive Mansion in Washington,
'The White
House'
1915 During World War I, English nurse Edith
Cavell is executed as a spy by a German firing squad for helping captured
British soldiers to escape from behind German lines
1915 Theodore Roosevelt criticizes US citzens with dual nationalities
1917 The First
Battle of Passchendaele, now Passendale
1918 1918
Cloquet Fire : Cloquet, Minn and 25 other communities destroyed by forest
fire, 559 die
1924 Sokolnicheskaya Radio begins broadcasting from Moscow
1927 Hermann Gorner of Germany raises 24 men weighing 4,123 lbs on a plank with
the soles of his feet
1928 1st use of iron
lung (Boston's Children Hospital)
1931 1st International Conference on Calendar
Reform
1933 The United States Army Disciplinary Barracks on Alcatraz
Island, is acquired by the United States Department of Justice
1933 John
Dillinger escapes from the Allen County, OH, jail
1936 In Britain, the British Union of Fascists leader Oswald
Mosley leads a controversial anti-Jewish march down the Mile End Road in
London which is a predominently Jewish area of the capital)
1940 World War II: Adolf Hitler postpones indefinitely 'Operation
Sealion' - the planned invasion of Britain
1941 Russian government moves from Moscow to Volga as Nazis threaten Moscow
1941This and the next day, German Nazis kill 11,000 Jews in Dnipropetrovsk,
Ukraine. Einsatzkommando
6 massacres most of the remaining Jews of the city, marching them to a ravine
where they were killed.
1942 US navy defeats Japanese at Battle
of Cape Esperance
1948 In Britain, the first Morris
Minor family car is built at Cowley in Oxford
1953 "The
Caine Mutiny Court Martial" opens at Plymouth Theatre, New York
1959 At the national congress of APRA
in Peru a group of leftist radicals are expelled from the party. They will later
form APRA
Rebelde.
1960 Nikita
Khrushchev pounds his shoe at UN General Assembly session
1960 Inejiro Asanuma
is assassinated in Japan by Otoya
Yamaguchi, a 17-year-old. The camera was rolling at that time.
1962 Infamous Columbus
Day Storm strikes the U.S. Pacific Northwest with record wind velocities;
46 dead and at least U.S. $230 million in damages
1962 US/USSR sign joint space effort in telecommunications and meteorology
1964 Launch of Voskhod
1, 1st 3 man crew (Komarov, Feokistov, Yegorov)
1968 19th
modern Olympic games opens in Mexico City
1968 Norma Enriqueta Basilio Satelo is 1st woman to light Olympic flame
1968 Equatorial Guinea gains independence from Spain
1969 Soyuz 7 is launched
1969 Yoko Ono suffers another miscarriage
1970 US President Richard
Nixon announces that the United States will withdraw 40,000 more troops
before Christmas
1972 En route to the Gulf of Tonkin, a racial brawl involving more than 100
sailors breaks out aboard the United States Navy aircraft carrier USS
Kitty Hawk
1972 Mariner 9 takes pictures
of Martian north pole
1973 Nixon nominates Gerald Ford to replace Spiro Agnew as VP
1975 Archbishop Oliver
Plunkett became 1st Irish-born saint in 7 centuries
1975 NASA launches space vehicle S-195
1976 Hua
Guo-feng succeeds Mao Tse-tung as chairman of Communist Party
1977 Psychic Romark attempts to drive blindfolded, smashed into cop van
1977 US Supreme Court heard arguments in "reverse discrimination"
case of Allan Bakke, white student denied admission to U of Calif Med School
1979 The lowest recorded non-tornadic atmospheric pressure, 87.0 kPa (870 mbar
or 25.69 inHg), occurred in the Western Pacific during Typhoon
Tip.
1982 In London, British armed forces hold a victory parade following the defeat
of Argentina in the Falklands War
1983 Japan's former Prime Minister Tanaka
Kakuei is found guilty of taking a $2 million bribe from Lockheed and is
sentenced to 4 years in jail.
1984 British Prime Minister Margaret
Thatcher escapes an assassination attempt when an IRA
bomb explodes in the Grand Hotel, Brighton
which is being used by delegates to the Conservative Party Conference. Five
people are killed
1985
International Physicians for Prevention of Nuclear War receives Nobel Prize
1986 Queen
Elizabeth II becomes the first British monarch to visit China
1988 Israel and China sign trade deal, plan diplomatic relations
1988 Two officers of the Victoria Police are gunned down executional style in
the Walsh
Street police shootings, Australia
1991 Askar
Akayev, previously chosen President of Kyrgyzstan by republic's Supreme
Soviet, is confirmed president in an uncontested poll.
1992 Expo '92 closes in Seville Spain
1994 In Northern Ireland, the Combined Loyalist
Military Command announces a 'ceasefire' in its terrorist activities
1994 NASA loses radio contact with the Magellan
spacecraft as the probe descends into the thick atmosphere of Venus (the
spacecraft presumably burned up in the atmosphere either October 13 or October
14).
1997 Sidi Daoud massacre
in Algeria; 43 killed at a fake roadblock.
1999 Pervez Musharraf
takes power in Pakistan from Nawaz Sharif through a bloodless coup.
1999 The Day of
Six Billion: The proclaimed 6 billionth living human in the world is born.
2000 The USS Cole
is badly damaged in Aden, Yemen, by two suicide bombers, killing 17 crew members
and wounding at least 39
2002 Terrorists
detonate bombs in Paddy's Pub and the Sari Club in Kuta, Bali, killing 202 and
wounding over 300.
2005 The second Chinese human spaceflight Shenzhou
6 launched carrying Fèi Jùnlóng and Niè Haishèng
for five days in orbit.
October 12th 2005
Aid floods into earthquake region
Syrian minister 'commits suicide'
China astronauts blast into space
October 12th 2006
French in Armenia 'genocide' row
US presses for N Korea sanctions
Man admits UK-US terror bomb plot
October 12th 2007
Gore and UN panel win Nobel prize
Iraq strike 'kills 15 civilians'
Skies to be swept for alien life
October 12th 2008
European banks agree rescue plan
Taleban killed in Afghan battles
Iraq PM vows to shield Christians
October 12th 2009
Pakistan reels from fresh attack
Scientist on French terror charge
First woman wins economics Nobe
Birthdates which occurred on October 12th:
1537 Edward VI king of England
(1547-53)
1798 Pedro I 1st emperor of Brazil (1822-31), king of Portugal
1840 Helena Modjeska Poland, Shakespearian actress (Juliet)/anti-Russian
1844 George W Cable American writer (Northampton Years)
1855 Arthur Nikisch Szent-Mikl¢s Hungary, conductor (Berlin Philharmonic)
1860 Elmer A Sperry inventor (gyrocompass)
1866 Ramsay MacDonald (L) British PM (1924, 1929-35)
1872 Ralph Vaughan Williams Down Amp England, composer (Hugh the Drover)
1894 Dr Charles Hodge Calif, NYU professor (Answers for Americans)
1896 Eugenio Montale Italy, poet/translator (Xenia-Nobel 1975)
19-- Jeff Keith rock vocalist (Tesla-Psychotic Supper)
19-- Jim McKrell Little Rock Ark, actor (Semi-Tough)
19-- Julie McWhirter Indianapolis Ind, comedienne (Rich Little Show)
19-- Perle Mesta hostess (Washington DC)
19-- Ronalda Douglas Opelousas La, actress (New Odd Couple)
1906 Joe Cronin baseball (Pirates, Red Sox, Senators, MVP 1930, AL Pres)
1921 Jaroslav Drobny Czech, hockey (Oly-gold-1948), tennis (Wimb-1954)
1923 Jean Nidetch Brooklyn, founded Weight Watchers
1925 William Steinkraus US, equestrian jumper (Olympic-gold-1968)
1926 Hans Liebold Germany, auto racer (Nardo, Italy)
1929 Robert Coles Milton Mass, author (Pulitzer 1973)
1932 Dick Gregory comedian/political activist/dietician (Bahamian Diet)
1932 Dusan Makavejev Belgrade Yugoslavia, director (Man is Not a Bird)
1932 Jake Garn (Sen-R-Ut)/astronaut (STS 51D)
1935 Luciano Pavarotti Modena Italy, operatic tenor (Yes, Giorgio)
1936 Tony Kubek shortstop (NY Yankees)/sportscaster (NBC-TV)
1947 Chris Wallace Chic Ill, newscaster (NBC Weekend News)
1948 Rick Parfitt rocker (Status Quo-The Wanderer)
1950 Susan Anton Oak Glen Calif, actress (Golden Girl, Spring Fever)
1951 Bernie Ruoff West Germany, CFL kicker (Winnipeg, Hamilton)
1962 Sid Fernandez Hawaii, pitcher (NY Mets)
1964 Jo Ann Willette actress (Constance-Just 10 of Us, Real Genius)
1968 Adam Rich NYC, actor (Nicholas-8 is Enough, Code Red, Gun Shy)
1969 Kimberly Ann Grimm Mt Lake Park Md, Miss Maryland-America (1991)
1970 Kimberly Hoskins Yuma Arizona, Miss Arizona-America (1991)
1970 Kirk Cameron Panorama City Calif, actor (Mike-Growing Pains)
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Deaths which occurred on October 12th:
1694 Matsuo Basho greatest Japanese haiku poet, dies
1860 Sir Henry G W Smith leader of British-Indian forces, dies at 73
1864 Roger Taney Supreme Court Chief Justice, dies at 87
1870 Robert E Lee General of the Confederate Army, dies at 63
1945 Jesse James Payne lynched in Madison County Florida
1958 Ed Hinton actor (Henderson-I Lived 3 Lives), dies at 30
1971 Gene Vincent rocker, dies at 36
1985 Johnny Olsen TV announcer (Price is Right), dies at 75
1987 Alfred M Landon former Kansas Gov, dies at his Topeka home at 100
1987 Philleo Nash US Bureau of Indian Affairs (1961-67), dies at 77
1988 Ken Murray entertainer, dies at 85
Golden Link 1/ On this day 12th October
Golden Link 2/ On this day 12th October
Golden Link 3/ On this day 12th October