8th
November, on this day
618 St
Deusdedit I ends his reign as Catholic Pope
1519 Hernán
Cortés enters Tenochtitlán
and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great a celebration as
would befit a returning god.
1520 Stockholm
Bloodbath begins : A successful invasion of Sweden by Danish forces
results in the execution of around 100 people.
1576 Eighty
Years' War : Pacification
of Ghent - The States-General of the Netherlands meet and unite
to oppose Spanish occupation.
1602 The Bodleian
Library at Oxford University is opened to the public.
1620 The Battle
of White Mountain takes place near Prague, ending in a decisive
Catholic victory in only two hours.
1789 Bourbon Whiskey, 1st distilled from corn (by Elijah
Craig, Bourbon KY)
1793 Louvre
Museum in Paris officially opens to the public
1837 Mount Holyoke Seminary in Massachusetts -1st US college founded
for women
1861 In America, the 'Trent
Affair'. Confederate commissioners to Great Britain and France
are forced off British ship, Trent, by Unionists. They're released
and allowed back on board after strong British protests
1864 United
States presidential election, 1864 : Abraham
Lincoln elected to his 2nd term as President
1889 Montana admitted as 41st state
1892 United
States presidential election, 1892 : Grover
Cleveland (D) elected President
1892 The New
Orleans general strike begins, uniting black and white American
trade unionists in a successful four-day general strike action for
the first time.
1895 Wilhelm
Rontgen discovers x-rays
1900 Theodore
Dreiser's novel "Sister
Carrie" is published
1901 Bloody clashes take place in Athens following the translation
of the Gospels into demotic Greek.
1904
United States presidential election, 1904 : President Theodore
Roosevelt (R) defeats
Alton B Parker (D)
1910 1st Washington State election in which women could vote
1917
Nikolai Lenin becomes Chief Commissar in Russia and Leon
Trotsky named as Russian Premier
1920 In Britain, the newspaper 'The
Daily Express' publishes the first 'Rupert
Bear' strip cartoon
1923 Beer
Hall Putsch : In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful
attempt to overthrow the German government.
1932 United
States presidential election, 1932 : Franklin Delano Roosevelt
(D) elected President for 1st time
1933 New
Deal - US President Franklin
D. Roosevelt unveils the Civil Works Administration, an organization
designed to create jobs for more than 4 million of the unemployed
1937 The Nazi exhibition Der
ewige Jude ("The Eternal Jew") opens in Munich.
1938 A pogrom
against the Jews of Germany and Austria takes place in response to
the assassination of a German diplomat in Paris.
1939 Venlo
Incident : Two British agents of SIS are captured by the Germans.
1939 In Munich, Adolf Hitler narrowly escapes an assassination attempt
by Georg
Elser while celebrating the 16th anniversary of the Beer Hall
Putsch.
1941 The Albanian
Communist Party is founded.
1942 In Ternopil,
western Ukraine, the German SS deport about 2,400 Jews from Ternopil
ghetto to the Belzec death camp, in the so called "Second Aktion".
When the Germans captured Ternopil, about 18,000 Jews lived in the
city.
1942
Operation "Torch" began as US and British forces land
in French N Africa
1942 French resistance coup in Algiers, in which 400 civilian French
patriots neutralize Vichyist XIXth Army Corps after 15 hours of fighting,
and arrest several Vichyst generals, allowing the immediate success
of Operation Torch in Algiers.
1944 25,000 Hungarian Jews are loaned to the Nazis for forced labor
1950 1st jet-plane battle of Korean War - United States Air Force
Lt. Russell J. Brown shoots down two North Korean MiG-15s in the first
jet aircraft-to-jet aircraft dogfight in history.
1956 UN demands USSR leave Hungary
1957 Operation
Grapple X, Round C1 : Britain conducts its first successful hydrogen
bomb test over Kiritimati in the Pacific. Two tests earlier that year
were publicly hailed as successful, but in
fact largely failed.
1960 United
States presidential election, 1960 : JFK (MA-D-Sen) beats VP Richard
Nixon (R) for President
1965 "Days
of Our Lives" premiers on TV
1965 British
Indian Ocean Territory formed
1965 The Murder
(Abolition of the Death Penalty) Act 1965 is given Royal Assent,
formally abolishing the death penalty in the United Kingdom.
1965 The 173rd
Airborne is ambushed by over 1,200 Viet Cong in Operation
Hump during the Vietnam War.
1966 Italian city of Florence appeals for help to save valuable art
treasures threatened
by severe flooding
1966 Movie actor Ronald
Reagan elected governor of California
1967 Radio
Leicester was the first of the new breed of BBC Local Radio stations
introduced to the English mainland in the 1960s
1968 Cynthia
Lennon is granted a divorce from John
1973 Nevada approves pari-mutuel betting on Jai
Alai
1973 The right ear of John
Paul Getty III is delivered to a newspaper together with a ransom
note, convincing his father to pay 2.9 million USD.
1974 The world famous fruit and vegetable market at
Covent Garden in London closes after existing for more than 300
years
1974 Bundy
victim (?) Debi Kent disappears in Salt Lake City, UT
1976 A series of earthquakes spreads panic in the city of Thessaloniki,
which is evacuated.
1977 Manolis
Andronikos, a Greek Archaeologist and professor at the Aristotle
University of Thessaloniki, discovers the tomb of Philip
II of Macedon at Vergina.
1979 The Chilean
Communist Party (Proletarian Action) is formed.
1980 Voyager
1 space probe discovers 15th moon of Saturn
1983 W
Wilson Goode (D) elected 1st black mayor of Philadelphia
1984
Anna Fisher becomes the 1st "mom" to go into orbit
1987 Remembrance
Day Bombing : In Enniskillen, Northern Ireland, an Provisional
Irish Republican Army bomb explodes, at a ceremony honoring Britain's
war dead, killing twelve people.
1988 900 die as earthquake hits China
1988 United
States presidential election, 1988 : George Bush (R) beats Mike
Dukakis (D) for Presidency.
1990 100,000 additional US troops are sent to the Persian gulf
1990 Saddam fires
his army chief and threatens to destroy Arabian peninsula
1995 General
Colin Powell, former head of the United States' armed forces,
announces that he will not be seeking to become America's first black
president
2002 Iraq
disarmament crisis : UN
Security Council Resolution 1441 – The United Nations Security
Council unanimously approves a resolution on Iraq, forcing Saddam
Hussein to disarm or face "serious consequences".
2004 War
in Iraq : More than 10,000 U.S. troops and a small number of Iraqi
army units participate in a siege on the insurgent stronghold of Fallujah.
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Birthdates which
occurred on November 8th:
1656 Sir Edmond
Halley 1st to calculate comet's orbit (Halley's Comet)
1848 Gottlob Frege Germany, mathematician/logician (Begriffsschrift)
1876 Frank L Gillespie Ark, founded Supreme Life Insurance Company
1878 Marshall Walter "Mayor" Taylor famous African
1883 Sir Arnold Bax London, England, composer (Farewell My Youth)
1896 Bucky Harris baseball manager (Phillies, Yankees)
1897 Dorothy Day author (Stump the Authors)
19-- Hortensia Colorado Blue Island IL, actress (Maria-Passions)
19-- Margaret Ladd RI, actress (Emma-Falcon Crest, As the World Turns)
1900 Margaret Mitchell writer (Gone With the Wind)
1913 Robert Strauss NYC, actor (Sgt Gruzewsky-Mona McCluskey)
1914 Norman Lloyd Jersey City NJ, actor (Auschlander-St Elsewhere)
1916 June Havoc Seattle Wash, actress (Willy, Panic, GE Theater)
1916 Peter Weiss Germany, Swedish writer/dramatist/novelist (Marat/Sade)
1921 Gene Saks actor/director (One & Only, Prisoner of 2nd Ave)
1921 Jerome Hines Hollywood CA, basso (I am The Way)
1922 Christiaan Barnard South Africa, surgeon (performs 1st heart
transplant)
1922 Esther Rolle Pompano Beach FL, actress (Florida-Good Times, Maude)
1924 Joe Flynn Youngstown Ohio, actor (McHale's Navy)
1927 Patti Page Claremont Oklahoma, singer (Tennessee Waltz)
1930 Bob Harris Long Beach CA, actor (Jim-Troubleshooters)
1931 Morley Safer Toronto Canada, TV newscaster (60 Minutes)
1935 Alain Delon France, actor (Honor Among Thieves)
1936 Edward G Gibson Buffalo NY, astronaut (Skylab 4)
1942 Angel Cordero Jr jockey (won over 6,000 races)
1947 Margaret Rhea Seddon Murfreesboro TN, MD/astro (STS 51D, STS
40)
1947 Minnie Ripperton Chicago, singer (Loving You)
1948 Dale A Gardner Fairmont MN, Cmdr USN/astronaut (STS 8, STS 51A)
1949 Bonnie Raitt LA, singer/guitarist (Green Light, The Glow, Thing
Called Love)
1951 Mary Hart Sioux Falls SD, TV hostess (Entertainment Tonight)
1952 Christie Hefner daughter of Hugh Hefner, Playboy CEO
1954 Rickie Lee Jones Chicago, singer (Chuck E's in Love)
1956 Randi Brooks NYC, actress (Man With 2 Brains, Tightrope)
1961 Leif Garrett Hollywood Cal, singer/actor (Devil x 5, 3 for the
Road)
1967 Courtney Thorne-Smith actress (Day by Day, Lucas, Summer School)
1967 Kim Dugger Wichita Kansas, Miss Kansas-America (1991)
1968 Parker Posey Baltimore MD, actress (Tess Shelby-As the World
Turns)
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Deaths which occurred on November 8th:
1308 Duns Scotus who coined the word "dunce", dies
1933 King Nadir Shah of Afghanistan, assassinated by Abdul Khallig
1965 Dorothy Kilgallen columnist (What's My Line?), dies at 52
1968 Wendell Corey actor (11th Hour, Peck's Bad Girl), dies at 54
1969 Kam Tong actor (Have Gun Will Travel, Mr Garlund), dies at 62
1978 Norman Rockwell artist, dies in Stockbridge, Massachusetts, at
84
1983 Robert Agnew director, died at 84 of kidney failure
1986 Beatrice Kay singer/actress (Sister Sue-Calvin & the Col),
dies at 78
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