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            21st July, on this day 356 BC - A young 
            man called Herostratus 
            set fire to the Temple 
            of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven 
            Wonders of the World230 St Pontianus 
            begins his reign as Catholic Pope
 285 Diocletian 
            appoints Maximian 
            as Caesar, co-ruler.
 1403 Battle 
            of Shrewsbury: King Henry IV of England defeats rebels to the 
            north of the county town of Shropshire, England
 1545 The first landing of French troops onto the coast of the Isle 
            of Wight during the French 
            invasion of the Isle of Wight occurs.
 1568 Eighty 
            Years' War: Battle 
            of Jemmingen - Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alva 
            defeats Louis of Nassau
 1588 English fleet defeats Spanish 
            armada
 1718 Treaty of 
            Passarowitz between the Ottoman Empire, Austria and the Republic 
            of Venice is signed.
 1774 Russo-Turkish 
            War, 1768-1774: Russia and the Ottoman Empire sign the Treaty 
            of Kuchuk-Kainarji ending the war.
 1798 The Battle 
            of the Pyramids. The French Army, led by Napoleon Bonaparte, defeats 
            an Egyptian army of 60,000
 1831 Belgium gains independence from Netherland, Leopold 
            I made king
 1846 Mormons 
            found 1st English settlement in California (San Joaquin Valley)
 1861 American Civil War: The First 
            Battle of Bull Run - with victory for the Confederates over the 
            Union
 1865 In the market square of Springfield, Missouri, Wild 
            Bill Hickok shoots Dave Tutt dead in what is regarded as the first 
            true western showdown.
 1873 Jesse 
            James, 1st train robbery
 1877 After rioting by Baltimore 
            and Ohio Railroad workers and the deaths of nine rail workers 
            at the hands of the Maryland militia, workers in Pittsburgh stage 
            a sympathy strike that is met with an assault by the state militia.
 1880 Compressed air accident kills 20 workers on Hudson River tunnel, 
            NY
 1896 In England, the first Royal 
            Command Performance
 1897 Official opening of the Tate 
            Gallery in London - built on the site of the former Millbank Prison 
            near Westminster
 1898 Spain cedes Guam to US
 1904 Completion of the Trans-Siberian 
            Railway consisting of 4,607 miles of track which took 13 years 
            to lay
 1918 U-156 
            shells Nauset Beach, in Orleans, Massachusetts.
 1919 Dirigible 
            crashes through bank skylight killing 12 (Chicago, Ill)
 1925 Scopes 
            Trial: In Dayton, Tennessee, high school biology teacher John 
            T. Scopes is found guilty of teaching evolution in class and fined 
            $100.
 1940 Soviet Union annexes Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania
 1942 8 die as coal waste heap slides in river valley near Oakwood, 
            Va
 1944 Battle 
            of Guam starts and ends 8th August
 1949 The U.S. Senate ratifies the North 
            Atlantic Treaty.
 1954 At Geneva, France agrees to independence of North and South Vietnam
 1955 1st sub powered by liquid metal cooled reactor launched-Seawolf
 1957 Althea 
            Gibson is the first 1st black to win a major US tennis tournament
 1959 1st atomic powered merchant ship, Savannah, christened, Camden, 
            NJ
 1960 English yachtsman Francis 
            Chichester docks in New York in his boat Gypsy Moth II - setting 
            a new record of 40 days for a solo crossing of the Atlantic
 1960 Sirimavo 
            Bandaranaika replaces her murdered husband as Prime Minister of 
            Sri Lanka to become the first woman to lead the country
 1960 The country of Katanga 
            forms in Africa
 1961 Launch of Mercury 
            4 (Liberty Bell) with Grissom
 1962 160 civil right activists jailed after demonstration in Albany, 
            Ga
 1962 British group The Rolling Stones make their first public appearance 
            at the Marquee Club in London
 1965 Pakistan, Iran and Turkey sign Regional Co-Operation pact
 1966 Gemini 
            X returns to Earth
 1969 Neil 
            Armstrong steps on the Moon at 2:56:15 AM (GMT)
 1969 Russia's Luna 
            15 impacts moon after 52 lunar orbits
 1970 After 11 years of construction, the Aswan 
            High Dam in Egypt is completed.
 1972 2 passenger trains collide head-on killing 76 (Seville, Spain)
 1972 In New York, 57 murders occur in 24 hours
 1972 Bloody 
            Friday bombing by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) 
            around Belfast, Northern Ireland - 22 bomb explosions, 9 people killed 
            and 130 people seriously injured.
 1973 In the Lillehammer 
            affair in Norway, Israeli Mossad agents kill a waiter whom they 
            mistakenly thought was involved in 1972's 
            Munich Olympics Massacre.
 1973 USSR launches Mars 4 for fly-by (2600 km) of the red planet
 1976 The British Ambassador to Ireland, Christopher 
            Ewart-Biggs, is killed by a terrorist car bomb in Dublin
 1977 Start of a four day long Libyan-Egyptian 
            War.
 1980 Jean-Claude Droyer climbs the Eiffel Tower in 2 hrs 18 mins
 1983 Polish govt ends 19 months of martial law
 1983 Storm cuts short Diana 
            Ross' free concert in NY's Central Park
 1983 US announces Lebanon freed American hostage David 
            Dodge
 1983 The world's lowest temperature is recorded at 
            Vostok Station, Antarctica at -89.2°C (-129°F).
 1984 1st documented case of a robot killing a human in US
 1988 ESA's Ariane-3 launches 2 communications satellites (1 Indian)
 1989 Greg LeMond (US) wins Tour de France in fastest time
 1990 More than 150,000 attend 'The Wall' - a huge outdoor rock concert 
            in East Berlin to celebrate the dismantling of the Berlin Wall. Pink 
            Floyd's"The Wall" is performed 1990 Goodwill Games opens 
            in Seattle, Wash
 1994 Tony Blair 
            is declared the winner of the leadership election of the British Labour 
            Party, paving the way to him becoming Prime Minister in 1997.
 1995 Third 
            Taiwan Strait Crisis: The People's Liberation Army begins firing 
            missiles into the waters north of Taiwan.
 1997The fully restored USS 
            Constitution (aka "Old Ironsides") celebrates her 200th 
            birthday by setting sail for the first time in 116 years.
 2002 Telecom giant WorldCom 
            files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in the largest such filing 
            in United States history.
 2004 The United Kingdom government publishes Delivering 
            Security in a Changing World, a paper detailing wide-ranging reform 
            of the country's armed forces.
 2005 Four 
            terrorist bombings, occurring exactly two weeks after the similar 
            July 7 bombings, target London's public transportation system. All 
            four bombs fail to detonate and all four suspected suicide bombers 
            were captured, convicted and imprisoned for long terms.
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        | Birthdates which 
            occurred on 21st July : 1804 Victor Schoelcher 
            Guadeloupe, abolished french slavery 1816 Paul Julius Baron von Reuter founded Reuters news service
 1856 Louise Blanchard Bethune 1st US woman architect
 1863 C Aubrey Smith London England, actor (Prisoner of Zenda)
 1864 Frances Folsom Cleveland 1st lady
 1885 Frances Parkinson Keyes novelist (Dinner at Antoine)
 1896 Jean Rivier Villemomble France, composer (V‚nitienne)
 1899 Ernest Hemmingway Oak Park, for whom the bell tolled... (Nobel 
            1954)
 1899 Hart Crane US, poet (The Bridge)
 19-- Jim Martin rocker (Faith No More-The Real Thing)
 19-- Joaquin Galan Buenos Aires Argentina, singer (Pimpinera)
 19-- John Martin actor (One Life to Live)
 1901 Allyn Joslyn Milford Pa, actor (They Won't Forget, Cafe Society)
 1911 Marshall McLuhan Canada, writer (The Medium is the Massage)
 1920 Isaac Stern Kremenetz, Russia, violinist (debut SF Symph)
 1921 Billy Taylor Greenville NC, orch leader (David Frost Show)
 1922 Kay Starr Dougherty Okla, singer (Rock & Roll Waltz, Club 
            Oasis)
 1924 Don Knotts Morgantown WV, actor (Amdy Griffth Show, 3's Company)
 1926 Norman Jewison director (Moonstruck, ...And Justice For All)
 1926 Paul Burke New Orleans, actor (Thomas Crown Affair)
 1931 Gene Littler golfer (1961 US Open)
 1933 John Gardner scholar/writer (Grendel, Sunlight Dialogues)
 1935 Kaye Stevens US, singer (Jerry Lewis Show)
 1942 Fred Hetzel NBA star (SF, Cincinatti, Milwaukee Bucks)
 1942 Patricia Elliot Gunnison Co, actress (Renee-Empire, One Life 
            to Live)
 1943 David Downing NYC, actor (Backstairs at the White House)
 1943 Edward Herrmann Wash DC, actor (Day of the Dolphin, Reds)
 1945 Alton Maddox NY black activist/attorney (Tawana Brawley case)
 1945 Leigh Lawson Atherston England, actress (Fire & Sword, Charlie 
            Boy)
 1946 Zbigniew Kaczmarek Poland, lightweight (Olympic-gold-1976)
 1947 Cat Stevens aka Yusuf Islam, rocker (Peace Train, Father & 
            Son)
 1947 Wendell Burton San Antonio Tx, actor (Lucas-New Dick Van Dyke 
            Show)
 1948 Art Hindle Halifax Nova Scotia, actor (Jeff-Dallas, Berrengers)
 1949 Ludmila Smirnova USSR, pairs figure skater (Olympic-silver-1972)
 1951 Doug Collins US, basketball player (Olympic-silver-1972)
 1951 Slick Watts NBA (Seattle SuperSonic)
 1952 Robin Williams Chicago Ill, comedian (Mork & Mindy, Awakenings)
 1955 Henry Preistman rocker (The Christians-Harvest the World)
 1955 Tacho Ocheriski singer (Putting on the Ritz)
 1957 Jon Lovitz Tarzana Calif, comedian (SNL)
 1960 Lance Guest Saratoga Calif, actor (Lance-Lou Grant)
 1962 Ike Eisenmann Houston Tx, actor (Scott-Fantastic Journey)
 1964 Susan Swift Houston Tx, actress (Chisholms)
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Deaths which occurred 
            on July 21st:
 1796 Robert Burns Scottish poet, dies
 1948 Arshile Gorky abstract expressionist, dies at 43
 1957 Bernard Spooner US inventor of bulletproof jacket, dies
 1967 Basil Rathbone Johannesburg S Africa, actor, dies at 75
 1967 Jimmy Foxx baseball hall of famer
 1972 Jigme Dori Wangchuck king of Bhutan, dies
 1976 Christopher Ewart-Biggs Brit ambassador to Ireland is assassinated
 1982 Dave Garroway TV host (Today Show), dies at 69
 1984 James Fixx runner & author, dies at age 43 of a heart attack
 1985 Mickey Shaughnessy actor (Chicago Teddy Bears), dies at 65
 1985 Vicki Vola actress (Miss Miller-Mr District Attorney)
 1986 Virginia Hewitt actress (Carol-Space Patrol), dies at 60
 
 
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