| 23rd 
            February, on this day  303 Emperor Diocletian 
            orders general persecution of Christians
 1255 Battle of Montebruno Astigiani defeats Thomas 
            II of Savoy
 1447 Pope 
            Eugene IV ends reign as pope
 1455 Johannes 
            Gutenberg prints 1st book, the Bible (estimated date)
 1574 France begins 5th Holy War against Huguenots
 1660 Charles 
            XI becomes king of Sweden
 1668 Fire in Wiener Hofburg in Vienna, emperor Leopold 
            I rescued
 1672 Joan 
            Blaeus publishers destroyed by fire in Amsterdam
 1778 Baron 
            von Steuben joins the Continental Army at Valley 
            Forge
 1792 Joseph 
            Haydn's 94th Symphony in G, premieres
 1804 Conspirators against Napoleon, call for restoration of Louis 
            XVIII
 1813 1st US raw cotton-to-cloth mill founded in Waltham, MA
 1820 British police uncover 'The Cato 
            Street Conspiracy' to assassinate several Cabinet ministers. All 
            those found guilty are executed
 1822 Boston, US is incorporated as a city
 1836 In America, the beginning of the seige 
            of the Alamo; entire garrison eventually killed
 1846 Polish revolutionaries march on Cracow, but are defeated
 1847 Battle 
            of Buena Vista, México; Zachary Taylor defeats Mexicans
 1852 "H 
            M S Birkenhead" sinks off South Africa killing 420 troops
 1854 Great-Britain and Orange Free state sign Convention of Bloemfontein
 1861 By popular referendum, Texas becomes 7th state to secede from 
            US
 1861 President-elect Lincoln arrives secretly in Washington DC to 
            take office
 1863 British explorers John 
            Speke and J A Grant announce they have discovered the source of 
            the River Nile in Africa
 1870 Mississippi is re-admitted to US
 1874 Major Walter Winfield patents game called "sphairistike" 
            (lawn tennis)
 1883 American Anti-Vivisection Society organized (Philadelphia)
 1886 Aluminum manufacturing process developed
 1886 London Times publishes world's 1st classified 
            ad
 1887 French/Italian Riviera struck by Earthquake; 2,000 die
 1896 Tootsie 
            Roll introduced by Leo Hirshfield
 1898 In France, Emile 
            Zola is imprisoned for writing his "J'accuse" 
            letter accusing government of anti-Semitism and wrongly jailing Alfred 
            Dreyfus
 1900 Steamer "Rio de Janeiro" sinks in San Francisco Bay
 1900 Battle at Hart's Hill, South-Africa (Boers vs British army)
 1903 Cuban state of Guantanamo leased to USA
 1904 Control of Panamá Canal Zone acquired by US for $10 million
 1905 Rotary 
            Club International established by 4 men in Chicago
 1909 The AEA 
            Silver Dart makes the first powered flight in Canada and the British 
            Empire.
 1909 Russian tsar Nicolas II dissolves Finnish 
            Diet
 1910 1st radio contest held (Philadelphia)
 1910 George 
            Bernard Shaw's "Misalliance" 
            premieres in London
 1915 Germany sinks US ships Carib and Evelyn and torpedoes Norwegian 
            ship Regin
 1915 Nevada enforces convenient divorce law
 1915 French actress Sarah 
            Bernhardt has her right leg amputated after falling badly during 
            a performance. She is back on stage by November
 1916 French artillery kills entire French 72nd division at Samogneux 
            Verdun
 1917 February 
            revolution begins in Russia
 1919 Benito 
            Mussolini founds the Facist party of Italy
 1920 The first regular broadcasting service in Britain starts from 
            Marconi's studio in Chelmsford
 1921 1st US transcontinental air mail flight arrives in New York NY 
            from San Francisco
 1923 German Republic day with laws against worker
 1923 Great Britain lowers import duty on German products from 26% 
            to 5%
 1927 President 
            Coolidge creates Federal 
            Radio Commission (FCC predecessor)
 1934 Coronation of King Leopold 
            III of Belgium
 1936 1st rocket air mail flight, Greenwood Lake, NY
 1940 Russians lay down strict requirements for a peace treaty with 
            Finland, including the surrender of significant geographical territories.
 1940 Russian troops conquer Lasi Island
 1940 Walt Disney's animated movie "Pinocchio", 
            released
 1941 Plutonium was first produced and isolated by Dr. 
            Glenn T. Seaborg.
 1942 A Japanese submarine (I-17) makes the first attack on the American 
            mainland by shelling an oil refinery at Ellwood, California.
 1943 General-Major Bradley arrives in Dakar and Marrakesh
 1943 German troops pull back through Kasserine-pass Tunisia
 1944 forced deportation of the Chechen 
            and 
            Ingush people to Central Asia
 1944 Battle 
            of Eniwetok ends
 1944 US Navy planes attack the Mariana Islands of Saipan, Guam, Tinian.
 1945 US Marines raise flag on Iwo Jima, famous photo and statue
 1945 2nd Dutch government of Gerbrandy 
            forms in London
 1945 Canadian troops occupy Kalkar
 1945 Raid 
            at Los Baños one of the most successful rescue operations 
            in modern military history.Liberation of 2,147 Allied civilian and 
            military internees
 1945 Operation 
            Grenade General Simpson's 9th Army crosses Ruhr
 1947 General Eisenhower opens drive to raise $170 million in aid for 
            European Jews
 1953 In Britain, an amnesty offered to World War II deserters brings 
            in applications from more than 3000 servicemen
 1954 1st mass inoculation with Salk 
            vaccine (Pittsburgh)
 1954 Syrian army drives out President Adib el-Shishakli
 1955 Edgar 
            Faure forms French government
 1956 Russian party leader Khrushchev attacks memory of Stalin
 1958 5-time world driving champion Juan 
            Fangio kidnapped by Cuban rebels
 1958 Last Municipal arc light, Mission and 25th removed (installed 
            in 1913)
 1958 Arturo 
            Frondizi elected President of Argentina
 1958 USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
 1962 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
 1966 Aldo 
            Moro forms Italian government
 1966 Military coup in Syria ends Bitar 
            government
 1966 Premier 
            Obote grabs power in Uganda
 1967 US troops begin largest offensive of Vietnam War
 1969 Nayif Hawatimah forms Democratic People's Front for Liberation 
            of Palestine
 1970 Guyana becomes a republic
 1970 Holy 
            Eucharist given by women for 1st time in Roman Catholic service
 1971 George 
            Harrison is fined and his driving license is suspended for 1 year 
            as a result of several speeding tickets and a dispute with the police
 1971 Lieutenant Calley confesses and implicates Captain Medina
 1979 Frank Peterson Jr named 1st black general in Marine Corps
 1980 Oil tanker explosion off Pilos, Greece, causes 37-million-gallon 
            spill
 1980 13th 
            Winter Olympics games close at Lake Placid NY
 1980 France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island
 1981 People magazine features drug ordeal of Mackenzie and Papa John 
            Phillips
 1981 Spanish coup under Lieutenant-Colonel Antonio Tejero Molina fails
 1986 Queen Elizabeth II is hit by several eggs thrown from the crowd 
            during her visit to New Zealand
 1987 Supernova 
            1987A in LMC 1st seen; 1st naked-eye supernova since 1604
 1987 Russian Writers Union accepts Boris 
            Pasternak posthumous as member
 1988 15th 
            Winter Olympics games opens in Calgary, Alberta
 1990 Prince 
            Sihanouk returns to Cambodia after 11 years in exile
 1991 US insists Iraq publicly announce it is leaving Kuwait by 12 
            PM EST
 1991 Military coup in Thailand, Premier Choonhaven arrested
 1992 16th 
            Winter Olympics games close in Albertville, France
 1993 Rallying behind red flags and portraits of Lenin, more than 10,000 
            procommunists march to the Kremlin to denounce President Yeltsin
 1995 Antoine 
            Nduwayo appointed Premier of Burundi
 1997 
            Ali Abu Kamal opens fire in Empire State Building and kills 1
 1997 NBC TV shows "Schindler's 
            List", completely uncensored, 65 million watch
 1997 Scientists in Scotland announced they succeeded in cloning an 
            adult mammal, producing a lamb named "Dolly"
 1998 Supreme Court lets 
            Megan's Law stand
 1998 Tornadoes in Florida kills at least 31
 1998 Osama 
            bin Laden publishes a fatwa declaring jihad against all Jews and 
            Crusaders.
 1999 Kurdish rebel leader Abdullah 
            Öcalan is charged with treason in Ankara, Turkey.
 1999 An avalanche destroys the Austrian village of Galtür, killing 
            31.
 2005 Slovakia 
            Summit 2005 begins, marking the first occasion when a sitting 
            American President visits Slovakia; Bush and Putin are in attendance.
 2005 Vote of the controversial French 
            law on colonialism, repealed start of 2006.
 2006 Dubai 
            Ports World agrees to postpone its plans to take over management 
            of six U.S. ports after the proposal ignited harsh bipartisan criticism 
            on Capitol Hill.
 2007 A train derails on an evening express service near Grayrigg, 
            Cumbria, United Kingdom, killing one person and injuring 22. This 
            results in hundreds of points being checked over the UK after a few 
            similar accidents
 | 
      
        | Birthdates which 
            occurred on 23rd February : 1417 Paul II [Pietro 
            Barbo], Italy, Pope (1464-71) 1614 Jacob Colijn(s) Dutch coat of arms painter
 1615 Cornelis Galle II Flemish engraver/illustrator, baptised
 1633 Samuel Pepys London England, navy expert/composer (Diary, Memoirs)
 1649 John Blow composer of 1st English opera (Venus & Adonis) 
            (baptized)
 1685 George Frideric Händel Halle Germany, organist/baroque composer 
            (Messiah)
 1700 Wilhelmus Schortinghuis Dutch theologist (Profound Christianity)
 1730 Christian Joseph Lidarti composer
 1734 Mayer Amschel Rothschild Frankfurt, founder (House of Rothschild)
 1776 John Walter II London, chief proprietor (The London Times, 1812-47)
 1787 Emma Willard US, opens school for young ladies (Hall of Fame)
 1792 Istvan Ferenczi Hungarian sculptor
 1811 George Washington Hewitt composer
 1817 George Watts London, painter
 1818 Major General Jeremy F Gilmer General/Chief Engineer Confederate 
            War Department
 1824 Herman N van der Tuuk Dutch philologist (Tobasch' Grammar)
 1824 Lewis Cass Hunt Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 
            1886
 1831 Hendrik W Mesdag Dutch painter (Panorama Mesdag)
 1834 Gustav Hermann Nachtigal German physician/colonizer/consul in 
            Tunisia
 1838 Gilbert Moxley Sorrel Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died 
            in 1901
 1840 Carl Menger Austrian economist
 1848 Thomas Paine Westendorf composer
 1859 Theodor Batthyányi Hungarian statesman/contra revolutionary
 1863 Franz von Stuck German painter (Der Krieg)
 1865 Barney Dreyfuss baseball owner (Pittsburgh Pirates)
 1868 William E B Du Bois Great Barrington MA, civil rights writer 
            (Souls of Black Folk)
 1869 Nadezhda Konstantinova Krupskaya Russian revolutionary (Social-Democrat)
 1873 Dmitri Arakishvili composer
 1874 Konstantin Päts Estonian PM (1921-23, 1932-33), dictator 
            (1933-40)
 1875 Jozef E Stokvis journalist/Dutch MP (SDAP)
 1876 Agnes M Royden writer
 1876 Wadi' Sabra composer
 1879 Agnes Arber English biologist/philosopher (Mind & the Eye)
 1879 Norman Lindsay Creswick Victoria, artist/novelist
 1880 Edgar Istel composer
 1881 Titus [Anno S] Brandsma Dutch philosopher
 1882 Ladislav Vycpalek composer
 1883 Victor Fleming Pasadena CA, director (Wizard of Oz, Gone With 
            Wind)
 1883 Karl Jaspers Oldenburg Germany, existentialist philosopher
 1884 Frank Cellier Surbiton England, actor (Quiet Wedding, Big Blockade)
 1884 Herman Courtens Belgian painter
 1886 Albert Edward Sammons composer
 1886 Ventura García Calderón Peruvian diplomat/author
 1887 Oskar Frederik Lindberg composer
 1889 Cyril Delevanti England, actor (Lucius-Jefferson Davis, Black 
            Eye)
 1889 Frederik M baron of Asbeck Dutch lawyer (League of Nations)
 1892 Kathleen Harrison actress (Fast Lady, Big Money, West 11)
 1895 Richard Goolden London England, actor (School for Husbands)
 1898 Reinhard Herbig German archaeologist
 1899 E Langgässer writer
 1899 Erich Kästner Dresden German author (Emil & the Detective)
 19-- Catherine Larson actress (Ryan's Hope)
 1900 Elinor Remick Warren composer
 1901 Aartje W "Mien" van It Sant-van Bommel author (Mieke-serial)
 1903 Grigori V Aleksandrov Russian director (Veselye Rebjata)
 1904 William L Shirer historian (Rise & Fall of 3rd Reich)
 1904 Leopold Trepper Polish/Israeli spy/founded (CP Palestina)
 1905 Leonidas Zoras composer
 1907 Anthony Standerwick Heal businessman
 1908 Sir William McMahon PM of Australia (Liberal) (1971-72)
 1909 Frank Ward cricketer (Australian leggie late 30s)
 1911 G Mennen Williams Detroit MI, Sup Court Justice/(Governor-D-MI, 
            1949-60)
 1911 Walter Ernest Allen writer/critic
 1913 Charles Leonard US, pentathlete (Olympics-1936)
 1913 Earl of Lincoln
 1914 Margaret Farrer CEO (Central Midwives Board)
 1915 Heinrich Schirmbeck German author (Das Spiegellabyrinth)
 1916 George Abel Canada, ice hockey player (Olympics-gold-1972)
 1916 Martindale Sidwell organist/conductor
 1916 William Walsh academic
 1917 Kenneth Tobey actor (Chuck-Whirlybirds)
 1918 Dom Aelred Watkin headmaster (Downside School)
 1919 Johnny Carey soccer star
 1919 Lord Ezra
 1920 Hall Overton Bangor MI, composer (Enchanted Pear Tree)
 1920 David Wright poet
 1920 Lord St Levan
 1923 Gery Florizoone Flemish poet
 1924 Lejaren Hiller composer
 1925 Ian Smith cricket leg-spinner (South Africa 1947-58 average 64.08)
 1925 Louis Stokes (Representative-D-OH, 1969- )
 1926 Regine Crespin French vocalist (Sheherazade, Les Nuits D'ete)
 1927 Ivan Hrusovsky composer
 1928 Duke of Beaufort
 1928 Vasily Grigoryevich Lazarev Siberia USSR, cosmonaut (Soyuz 12, 
            18A)
 1929 Elston Howard Yankee catcher (1st black New York Yankee/1963 
            AL MVP)
 1929 Eduard W "Ed" Bauer [Eddy Evers], Dutch actor (Bluejackets)
 1929 Régine Crespin Marseilles France, operatic soprano
 1929 Richard Moryl composer
 1930 Harry Boldt German Federal Republic, equestrian dressage (Olympics-gold-1976)
 1930 Johnny Seven New York NY, actor (Ironside, Amy Prentiss)
 1930 Gerry Davis writer
 1930 Imre Gyongyossy film Maker
 1930 Jef Geeraerts Flemish writer (Black Venus)
 1931 Tom Wesselman US sculptor (Great American Nudes)
 1933 Donna J Stone poet
 1933 Lee Quencey Calhoun Laurel MS, 110 meter hurdler (Olympics-gold-1956, 
            60)
 1934 Lady Digby
 1937 David Ward president (Law Society)
 1937 Lord Tugendhat
 1937 Tom Osborne college football coach
 1938 Diane Varsi San Mateo CA, actress (Peyton Place)
 1938 Sylvia Chase St Paul MN, newscaster (ABC Weekend News, 20/20)
 1939 Josef Feistmantl Austria, lugeist (Olympics-gold-1964)
 1939 Majel Barrett Columbus OH, actress (Christine Chapel-Star Trek)
 1939 Edmund Boyd Fisher publisher
 1940 Peter Fonda actor (Easy Rider, Lilith, Wild Angels, Trip)
 1940 Jermyn P Brooks CEO (Price Waterhouse Europe)
 1941 William Hjörtsberg New York NY, writer (Gray Matters, Fallen 
            Angel)
 1941 Frank Gerstenberg Edinburgh, principal (George Watson's College)
 1941 Robin Bynoe cricketer (West Indies opening batsman in 4 Tests 
            1959-67)
 1942 Beau Boulter (Representative-R-TX, 1985- )
 1942 Colin Sanders founder (Solid State Logic)
 1942 John Lewis Head Master (Eton College)
 1943 Fred Biletnikoff NFL wide receiver (Oakland Raiders)
 1943 Jada Rowland New York NY, actress (Penny-Hamptons, Amy-Secret 
            Storm)
 1943 Bobby Wayne Mitchell Chatham VA, PGA golfer (1971 Cleveland Open)
 1944 Johnny Winter [John Dawson], Leland MS, guitarist (Silver Train)
 1944 James Cousins British MP
 1944 Mike Maxfield rocker (Billy J Kramer & The Dakotas)
 1945 Frank Murray police Officer
 1946 Rusty Young California, rock steel guitarist (Poco-Heat of the 
            Night)
 1947 Anton Mosimann chef
 1947 Colin Sanders British computer engineer (Solid State Logic)
 1947 Geoff Cope cricketer (England off-spinner 1977-78)
 1947 Shakira Caine Guyana, actress (Man Who be King)/Miss Guyana (1967)
 1948 Bill Alexander theatre director
 1949 Anna-Maria Müller German DR, Luge (Olympics-gold-1972)
 1949 Larry Demps US R&B vocalist (Dramatics-Me & Mrs Jones)
 1949 Marc Garneau Québec City Canada, PhD/astronaut (STS 13, 
            77)
 1949 Maureen Hicks British MP
 1949 Terry "Tex" Comer Burnley Lancashire England, bassist/guitarist 
            (Ace-How Long)
 1950 Neil Jordan Sligo Ireland, novelist (Dream of a Beast, Past)
 1950 Steve Priest London, rock bassist (Sweet Hayes)
 1951 Ed "Too Tall" Jones NFL linebacker (Dallas Cowboys)
 1951 Nicholas Kenyon controller (BBC Radio 3)
 1951 Patricia Richardson Bethesda MD, actress (Home Improvement, Double 
            Trouble)
 1952 Brad Whitford Massachusetts, rock guitarist (Aerosmith-Jamie 
            Got a Gun)
 1953 Sallie L Baliunas astrophysicist
 1955 Howard Jones rock pianist/vocalist (Things Can Only Get Better)
 1956 Maren Jensen Glendale CA, actress (Battlestar Galactica)
 1958 David Sylvian vocal/guitar (Sylvian Sylvian, Japan-Adolescent 
            Sex)
 1958 Lorraine Michaels Canterbury England, playmate (April, 1981)
 1958 Ria Brieffies Dutch vocalist (Dolly Dots)
 1959 John Arthur Wilson Ceres CA, PGA golfer (1994 Anheuser-Busch-4th)
 1960 Cindy Figg-Currier Mt Pleasant MI, golfer (1994 British Open-6th)
 1960 Gloria von Thurm un Taxis Munich German Federal Republic, Princess
 1960 Maria Gloria von Schönberg-Glauchau wife of prince Thurn 
            un Taxis
 1960 Naruhito crown prince of Japan
 1962 Melinda Mays Augusta GA, playmate (February 1983)
 1962 Michael Wilton rock guitarist (Queensrÿche-The Warning)
 1963 Bobby Bonilla New York NY, outfielder (New York Mets, Baltimore 
            Orioles, Marlins)
 1963 Debbie Kruck Danbury CT, Ms Fitness USA (1994)
 1963 Reza Abdoh theatre director
 1963 Robert Collins keyboard player
 1964 Byron Evans NFL linebacker (Philadelphia Eagles)
 1964 Dana Katherine Scully fictional character (X-Files)
 1964 John Norum rocker
 1965 Helena Sukova Prague Czechoslovakia, tennis star (1985 US Open 
            Women's Doubles)
 1965 Kristin Davis actress (Melrose Place)
 1965 Sylvie Guillem France, ballerina (Royal Ballet)
 1966 Marc Price actor/comedian (Skippy-Family Ties)
 1966 John Druce Peterborough, NHL right wing (Philadelphia Flyers, 
            Los Angeles Kings)
 1967 Gord Murphy Willowdale, NHL defenseman (Florida Panthers)
 1967 Pam Blundell fashion designer
 1967 Steven C Stricker Edgerton WI, PGA golfer (1994 Northern Telecom-2nd)
 1968 Stephanie Seymour San Diego CA, actress/model (Sunny Side Up)
 1969 Ed McDaniel NFL linebacker (Minnesota Vikings)
 1969 Michael Campbell Hawera New Zealand, Australasia golfer
 1971 Jason Keller Scarsdale NY, actor (Jason-Out of the Blue)
 1971 Shane Keller Scarsdale NY, actor (Shane-Out of the Blue)
 1971 Carin Hjalmarsson Koch Kungalv Sweden, golfer (1995 Pinewild-7th)
 1971 Torsten Kienass Berlin Germany, hockey defenseman (Team Germany)
 1972 Greg Hill NFL running back (Kansas City Chiefs)
 1972 Jamie Watson NBA forward (Utah Jazz)
 1972 Ryan Grigson NFL guard/tackle (Detroit Lions)
 1972 Steve Papin WLAF running back (Scotland Claymores)
 1973 Robert Pipkins Staten Island NY, luger (Olympics-1994)
 1974 Herschelle Gibbs cricketer (South African Test batsman 1996)
 1974 Kenyon Cotton full back (Baltimore Ravens)
 1975 Bohdan Utihrach Czechoslovakia, tennis star
 1975 Chris Garner NBA guard (Toronto Raptors)
 1975 Michael Tricario actor (Randy-Wonder Years)
 1975 Pat Barnes quarterback (Kansas City Chiefs)
 1976 Dmitriy Dudarev hockey forward (Team Kazakhstan Olympics-1998)
 1976 Jeff O'Neill Richmond Hill, NHL center (Hartford Whalers)
 1977 Angie Trostel Oxford OH, diver (Olympics-96)
 1977 Dally Randriantefy Antananarivo Madag, tennis star (1993 Marseille)
 1978 Karolina Rantamaki ice hockey left wing (Finland, Olympics-98)
 1980 Yvonne Tousek Kitchener Ontario, gymnastic (Olympics-96)
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Deaths which occurred 
            on February 23rd:
 0155 Polycarp disciple of Apostle John, arrested & burned at stake
 1447 Eugene IV [Gabriele Condulmer], Italian Pope (1431-47), dies
 1468 John Gutenberg German inventor (boekdrukkunst), dies
 1554 Henry Grey Duke of Suffolk, Lady Jane Grey's father, executed
 1607 Herman Herbertsz vicar, dies at about 60
 1660 Charles X Gustaaf king of Sweden (1654-60), dies at 37
 1662 Johann Crüger German organist/composer/music theorist, dies 
            at 63
 1669 Lieuwe van Aitzema Frisian historian, dies at 68
 1682 Abraham de Wicquefort Dutch diplomat/historian, dies at 75
 1704 Georg Muffat French/German organist/composer, dies at 50
 1718 François Fagel Dutch field marshal/mayor of Nimegen, dies 
            at 63
 1766 Stanislaw Leszcynski duke of Lutherans/king of Poland, dies
 1792 Joshua Reynolds English portrait painter (Simplicity), dies at 
            68
 1797 Antoine d'Auvergne French opera composer (Coquette Trompée), 
            dies at 83
 1806 John Alcock composer, dies at 90
 1807 François Guichard composer, dies at 61
 1821 John Keats Romantic poet, dies of tuberculosis at 25 in Rome
 1821 Marie-Anne Collot French sculptor, dies
 1828 Mihály Fazekar Hungarian botanist/literary (Book of Spices), 
            dies
 1848 John Quincy Adams 6th US President (1825-1829), dies of a stroke 
            at 80
 1855 Carl Friedrich Gauss mathematician, dies
 1867 George Thomas Smart composer, dies at 90
 1884 Tambo Tambo Australian aboriginal/US circus attraction, dies 
            at 23
 1897 Woldemar Bargiel composer, dies at 68
 1900 William Butterfield architect of the Gothic revival, dies
 1902 Samuel R Gardiner British historian (Oliver Cromwell), dies at 
            72
 1903 Albert Cahen composer, dies at 57
 1903 Friedrich Grutzmacher composer, dies at 70
 1906 Johann Hoch US murderer, executed
 1913 Jimmy Sinclair cricketer (3 centuries in 25 Test South Africa 
            career), dies
 1915 Robert Smalls Reconstruction congressman, dies at 75 in South 
            Carolina
 1916 George Clement Martin composer, dies at 71
 1920 Alexander Alexandrovich Il'yinsky composer, dies at 61
 1922 Henri Landru executed for having 11 wives, in France
 1924 Thomas Woodrow Wilson 28th US President (1913-21), dies
 1927 Sveinbjorn Sveinbjornsson composer, dies at 79
 1930 Horst Wessel German Nazi lyricist (Fahne Hoch), dies at 22
 1930 Mabel Normand actress/director (Extra Girl), dies at 35
 1931 Nellie Melba [Helen Mitchell], Australian soprano, dies
 1934 Augusto Sandino Nicaraguan patriot, assassinated by National 
            Guard
 1934 Edward William Elgar English composer (Coronation Ode), dies 
            at 76
 1935 Jan Duiker Dutch architect (Hotel Gooiland), dies at 44
 1937 Claude Buckenham cricketer (21 wickets in 4 Tests for England 
            1909-10), dies
 1942 Stefan Zweig Austrian writer (Die Welt von Gestern), dies at 
            60
 1944 Leo Hendrick Baekeland inventor (Bakelite), dies
 1945 Aleksei Tolstoi Russian poet/writer (Pjotr Peroyj), dies at 62
 1945 Aubrey Cousins Canadian sergeant (Victoria Cross), dies in battle
 1955 Paul Claudel French poet/playwright (L'otage), dies at 86
 1961 Wilf Ferguson cricket leg spinner (34 wickets for West Indies), 
            dies
 1965 Stan Laurel comedian (Laurel & Hardy), dies in California 
            of heart attack at 74
 1968 Edna Ferber US author (Giant, Showboat), dies at 80
 1968 Fannie Hurst US author (Anatomy of Me), dies at 78
 1969 Abd al-Aziz Abd al-Rahman al-Faisal al-Saud King Saudia, dies 
            at 67
 1969 Joseph Messner composer, dies at 75
 1971 King Lockwood dies of stroke at 73
 1972 Michael Taube composer, dies at 81
 1974 Florence Rice actress (Girl in 1313, Carnival), dies at 63
 1976 Fuzzy Knight actor (Gun Town, Ragtime Cowboy Joe), dies at 74
 1976 L S Lowry painter, dies
 1980 Robert Vandekerckhove Belgian politician, dies at 62
 1983 Adrian Boult conductor, dies
 1985 Alexander Scourby actor (Jesus, Shaggy Dog, Giant), dies at 71
 1987 Esmond Knight actor (Black Narcissus, Henry V), dies at 80
 1990 Annelien Kappeyne van de Coppello Dutch MP (Liberal), dies at 
            53
 1990 James Gavin commandant US 82nd Airborn Division (Normandy), dies 
            at 82
 1990 Jose Napoleon Duarte President of Salvador (1984-89), dies at 
            62
 1992 Jacquelyn Hyde actress (Dark, House of Terror), dies at 61
 1992 Markos Vafiades leader (ELAS, 1943-49), dies
 1993 Edwin Louis Battle actor (Almost Blue, Chase), dies of stroke 
            at 33
 1994 Stuart Berger doctor (Immune Power Diet), dies from obesity at 
            40
 1995 Art Kane photographer, dies at 69
 1995 David Melvin English Franklin singer, dies at 52
 1995 James Herriot Scot author (All Creatures Great & Small), 
            dies at 78
 1995 Norman Hunter writer, dies at 95
 1995 Peter Guy Wykeham Fighter Pilot-Barnes dies at 79
 1996 Freddie Stocks cricket (center on debut & wicket on 1st ball, 
            Notts), dies
 1996 George Alan Dawson jazz drummer/teacher, dies at 66
 1996 Joseph Walker Barr banker/politician, dies at 78
 1997 Oscar Lewenstein impressario, dies at 80
 1997 Tony Williams jazz musician, dies at 51
 1998 Philip Abbott actor (Arthur Ward-FBI), dies at 74
 
 
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